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Part IV; Iggeret HaKodesh, Chapter 7

א אַשְׁרֵינוּ מַה טּוֹב חֶלְקֵנוּ וּמַה נָּעִים גּוֹרָלֵנוּ כוּ׳, ״ה׳ מְנָת חֶלְקִי וְכוֹסִי וְגוֹ׳״, ״חֲבָלִים נָפְלוּ לִי וְגוֹ׳״.

1SEVEN. “Fortunate are we, how good is our portion, how pleasant our lot….”1 “The L–rd is my allotted portion and my share…. Portions have fallen to me….”2

בלְהָבִין לְשׁוֹן ״חֶלְקֵנוּ״ וְ״גוֹרָלֵנוּ״ צָרִיךְ לְבָאֵר הֵיטֵב לָשׁוֹן הַשָּׁגוּר בְּמַאֲמַר רַבּוֹתֵינוּ־זִכְרוֹנָם־לִבְרָכָה: ״אֵין לוֹ חֵלֶק בֵּאלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל״, כִּי הֲגַם דְּלִכְאוֹרָה לֹא שַׁיָּיךְ לְשׁוֹן ״חֵלֶק״ כְּלָל בֵּאלֹקוּת יִתְבָּרֵךְ, שֶׁאֵינוֹ מִתְחַלֵּק לַחֲלָקִים חַס וְשָׁלוֹם.

2To understand the phraseology “our portion” and “our lot,” it is necessary to explain properly a common expression in the sayings of our Sages, of blessed memory, viz.: “He has no part in the G–d of Israel.”3 It would seem that a term like “part” cannot possibly be applied to Divinity, blessed be He, because He is not divisible into parts, Heaven forfend.

גאַךְ הָעִנְיָן, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב בְּיַעֲקֹב: ״וַיִּקְרָא לוֹ אֵל אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל״, פֵּירוּשׁ, כִּי הִנֵּה בֶּאֱמֶת הַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא כִּשְׁמוֹ כֵּן הוּא, כִּי אַף דְּאִיהוּ מְמַלֵּא כָּל עָלְמִין עֶלְיוֹנִים וְתַחְתּוֹנִים מֵרוּם הַמַּעֲלוֹת עַד מִתַּחַת לָאָרֶץ הַלֵּזוּ הַחוּמְרִית, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: ״הֲלֹא אֶת הַשָּׁמַיִם וְאֶת הָאָרֶץ אֲנִי מָלֵא״ – ״אֲנִי״ מַמָּשׁ, דְּהַיְינוּ מַהוּתוֹ וְעַצְמוּתוֹ כִּבְיָכוֹל וְלֹא כְּבוֹדוֹ לְבַד, אַף־עַל־פִּי־כֵן הוּא קָדוֹשׁ וּמוּבְדָּל מֵעֶלְיוֹנִים וְתַחְתּוֹנִים, וְאֵינוֹ נִתְפָּס כְּלָל בְּתוֹכָם חַס וְשָׁלוֹם כִּתְפִיסַת נִשְׁמַת הָאָדָם בְּגוּפוֹ עַל דֶּרֶךְ מָשָׁל, כְּמוֹ שֶׁמְּבוֹאָר בְּמָקוֹם אַחֵר בַּאֲרִיכוּת.

3However, the idea is, as it is written about Jacob: “And he called Him E-l, G–d of Israel.”4 The meaning of this is as follows. In truth, G–d, as His Name is, so is He.5 Though He permeates all the upper and lower worlds, from the peak of all levels to this lowly physical world [as it is written: “Do I not fill the heavens and the earth,”6 I Myself, indeed, meaning, His Being and His Essence, as it were, and not only His glory], even so, He is kadosh (holy)7 and distinct from the upper and nether worlds, and is not at all contained in them, Heaven forfend, in the way, for example, that the soul of man is contained in the body, as explained elsewhere at length.8

דוְלָזֹאת, לֹא הָיוּ יְכוֹלִים לְקַבֵּל חַיּוּתָם מִמַּהוּתוֹ וְעַצְמוּתוֹ לְבַדּוֹ כִּבְיָכוֹל, רַק הִתְפַּשְּׁטוּת הַחַיּוּת אֲשֶׁר הַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא מְחַיֶּה עֶלְיוֹנִים וְתַחְתּוֹנִים, הוּא עַל דֶּרֶךְ מָשָׁל, כְּמוֹ הֶאָרָה מְאִירָה מִשְּׁמוֹ יִתְבָּרֵךְ, שֶׁהוּא וּשְׁמוֹ אֶחָד, וּכְמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: ״כִּי נִשְׂגָּב שְׁמוֹ לְבַדּוֹ״, רַק זִיווֹ וְ״הוֹדוֹ עַל אֶרֶץ וְשָׁמָיִם וְגוֹ׳״.

4And for this reason they could not receive their vivification from His Being and Essence in itself, as it were. Rather, the extension of the vivification wherewith the Holy One, blessed is He, animates the upper and nether worlds, is, metaphorically speaking, as a radiation shining from His Name, blessed be He, for He and His Name are One,9 and as it is written: “For His Name alone is exalted, [only His reflection and] His splendor are on the earth and the heavens….”10

הוְהֶאָרָה זוֹ מִתְלַבֶּשֶׁת מַמָּשׁ בָּעֶלְיוֹנִים וְתַחְתּוֹנִים לְהַחֲיוֹתָם, וְנִתְפֶּסֶת בְּתוֹכָם עַל־יְדֵי מְמוּצָּעִים רַבִּים, וְצִמְצוּמִים רַבִּים וַעֲצוּמִים, בְּהִשְׁתַּלְשְׁלוּת הַמַּדְרֵגוֹת דֶּרֶךְ עִלָּה וְעָלוּל וְכוּ׳.

5This radiation actually vests itself in the upper and lower worlds in order to animate them. It is contained in them by means of many intermediaries and numerous, immense contractions, in a development of levels by way of cause and effect….

ו וְהִנֵּה, הֶאָרָה זוֹ, אַף שֶׁלְּמַעְלָה הִיא מְאִירָה וּמִתְפַּשֶּׁטֶת בִּבְחִינַת בְּלִי גְבוּל וְתַכְלִית, לְהַחֲיוֹת עוֹלָמוֹת נֶעְלָמִים לְאֵין קֵץ וְתַכְלִית, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב בְּאִדְרָא רַבָּא, אַף־עַל־פִּי־כֵן, בְּרִדְתָּהּ לְמַטָּה עַל־יְדֵי צִמְצוּמִים רַבִּים לְהַחֲיוֹת הַנִּבְרָאִים וְהַיְצוּרִים וְהַנַּעֲשִׂים, הִיא נֶחְלֶקֶת דֶּרֶךְ כְּלָל לְמִסְפַּר תַּרְיַ״ג, כְּנֶגֶד תַּרְיַ״ג מִצְוֹת הַתּוֹרָה, שֶׁהֵן הֵן תַּרְיַ״ג מִינֵי הַמְשָׁכוֹת הֶאָרָה זוֹ מֵאוֹר־אֵין־סוֹף בָּרוּךְ־הוּא, לְהָאִיר לְנִשְׁמַת הָאָדָם הַכְּלוּלָה מֵרַמַ״ח אֵבָרִים וְשַׁסַ״ה גִידִים, אֲשֶׁר בַּעֲבוּרָהּ הוּא עִיקַּר תַּכְלִית יְרִידַת וְהַמְשָׁכַת הֶאָרָה זוֹ לְמַטָּה לְכָל הַנִּבְרָאִים וְהַיְצוּרִים וְהַנַּעֲשִׂים, שֶׁתַּכְלִית כּוּלָּן הוּא הָאָדָם, כַּנּוֹדָע:

6Now, this radiation [though above it radiates and extends itself in unlimited and infinite fashion to animate innumerable, concealed worlds, as mentioned in the Idra Rabbah,11 nevertheless] as it descends netherward, by way of numerous contractions, to animate those that were created, formed and made, it is generally divided into 613 in number.12 These 613 gradations correspond to the 613 commandments of the Torah, which are the 613 kinds of conduits of this radiation from the light of the En Sof, blessed is He, to illumine man’s soul [which is made up of 248 “organs” and 365 “sinews”13]. For the principal aim of the descent and efflux of this radiation, netherward, to all those created, formed, and made, is for (the soul’s) sake; for the purpose of them all is man, as known.14

זוְהִנֵּה, מִסְפָּר זֶה הוּא בְּדֶרֶךְ כְּלָל, אֲבָל בְּדֶרֶךְ פְּרָט, הִנֵּה כָּל מִצְוָה וּמִצְוָה מִתְחַלֶּקֶת לִפְרָטִים רַבִּים לְאֵין קֵץ וְתַכְלִית, וְהֵן הֵן גּוּפֵי הֲלָכוֹת פְּרָטִיּוֹת שֶׁבְּכָל מִצְוָה – שֶׁאֵין לָהֶם מִסְפָּר, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: ״שִׁשִּׁים הֵמָּה מְלָכוֹת״ הֵן ס׳ מַסֶּכְתּוֹת כוּ׳, ״וַעֲלָמוֹת אֵין מִסְפָּר״ הֵן הַהֲלָכוֹת כוּ׳, שֶׁהֵן הַמְשָׁכַת רָצוֹן הָעֶלְיוֹן כוּ׳.

7Now this number is in a general way. More specifically, every single commandment subdivides into infinite details, which are the essentials of the detailed rulings of every commandment [which are without number, as it is written:15 “Sixty are the queens”—these are the sixty tractates…, “and maidens without number”—these are the rulings…16]. For they are the efflux from the Supernal Will….17

חוְכֵן הוּא מַמָּשׁ בְּנִשְׁמַת הָאָדָם, כִּי הִנֵּה, כָּל הַנְּשָׁמוֹת שֶׁבָּעוֹלָם הָיוּ כְּלוּלוֹת בְּאָדָם הָרִאשׁוֹן, וְדֶרֶךְ כְּלָל, הָיְתָה נִשְׁמָתוֹ נֶחְלֶקֶת לְמִסְפַּר תַּרְיַ״ג: רַמַ״ח אֵבָרִים וְשַׁסַ״ה גִידִים, אַךְ דֶּרֶךְ פְּרָט, נֶחְלֶקֶת לְנִיצוֹצוֹת אֵין מִסְפָּר, שֶׁהֵן נִשְׁמוֹת כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵל מִימוֹת הָאָבוֹת וְהַשְּׁבָטִים עַד בִּיאַת הַמָּשִׁיחַ וְעַד בִּכְלָל, שֶׁיְּקוּיַּם אָז מַה שֶּׁכָּתוּב: ״וְהָיָה מִסְפַּר בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל כְּחוֹל הַיָּם, אֲשֶׁר לֹא יִמַּד וְלֹא יִסָּפֵר״ מֵרוֹב.

8It is precisely so with man’s soul. For all the souls in the world were contained in Adam.18 In a general way his soul was divisible into the number 613: 248 “organs” and 365 “sinews”; but in a more specific way his soul was divisible into innumerable sparks19—which are the souls of all of Israel from the days of the Patriarchs and the tribes, to and including the coming of the Messiah, when Scripture will be fulfilled: “And the number of the children of Israel will be as the sand of the sea that cannot be measured nor counted”20—“Because of the great quantity.”21

ט וְהִנֵּה, ״שׁוּפְרֵיהּ דְּיַעֲקֹב מֵעֵין שׁוּפְרֵיהּ דְּאָדָם הָרִאשׁוֹן״, שֶׁתִּיקֵּן חֵטְא אָדָם הָרִאשׁוֹן, וְהָיְתָה נִשְׁמָתוֹ גַם כֵּן כְּלוּלָה מִכָּל הַנְּשָׁמוֹת שֶׁבְּיִשְׂרָאֵל, מֵעוֹלָם וְעַד עוֹלָם, וְהָיָה מֶרְכָּבָה לַתּוֹרָה שֶׁלְּמַעְלָה, שֶׁנִּקְרֵאת בְּשֵׁם ״אָדָם״, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: ״וְעַל דְּמוּת הַכִּסֵּא דְּמוּת כְּמַרְאֵה אָדָם וְכוּ׳״, וּכְמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: ״וְזֹאת לְפָנִים בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל כוּ׳״ – ״אֵין זֹאת אֶלָּא תּוֹרָה כוּ׳״, שֶׁהָיְתָה כְּלוּלָה וּמְלוּבֶּשֶׁת בְּנִשְׁמַת ״יִשְׂרָאֵל סָבָא״, הַכְּלוּלָה מִכָּל הַנְּשָׁמוֹת.

9Now “The beauty of Jacob is a reflection of the beauty of Adam,”22 for he rectified the sin of Adam.23 His soul, too, was composed of all the souls of Israel, in all times. And he was a vehicle for the Torah as it is above, which is referred to as Adam, as it is written:24 “And on the likeness of the throne there was a likeness as the appearance of Adam…”;25 also, it is written:26 “And zot was within,27 in Israel”—and “Zot refers only to the Torah….”28 For the Torah was contained and vested in the soul of Israel the Patriarch29—which compounded all the souls.

יוְזֶהוּ ״וַיִּקְרָא לוֹ אֵל אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל״ – ״אֵל״ לְשׁוֹן הַמְשָׁכַת הַהֶאָרָה מֵאוֹר־אֵין־סוֹף בָּרוּךְ־הוּא מֵהַהֶעְלֵם אֶל הַגִּילּוּי, לְהָאִיר בִּבְחִינַת גִּילּוּי בְּנִשְׁמָתוֹ, וּכְמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: ״אֵל ה׳ וַיָאֶר לָנוּ״; וְאַחֲרָיו כָּל יִשְׁרֵי לֵב, הָעוֹסְקִים בַּתּוֹרָה וּבַמִּצְוֹת, מֵאִיר אוֹר ה׳ אֵין־סוֹף בָּרוּךְ־הוּא בִּבְחִינַת גִּילּוּי בְּנִשְׁמָתָם.

10And this is the meaning of “And he called Him E-l, G–d of Israel”: E-l30 denotes the elicitation of the radiation from the light of the En Sof, blessed is He, from concealment to manifestation, to radiate manifestly in his soul, and as it is written:31 “E-l is the L–rd, and He gives us light.”32 And after Jacob, the light of the En Sof, blessed is He, shines openly in all the upright of heart who occupy themselves with the Torah and the commandments.

יאוּזְמַן גִּילּוּי זֶה בְּיֶתֶר שְׂאֵת וְיֶתֶר עֹז הַהֶאָרָה בְּמוֹחָם וְלִבָּם הוּא בִּשְׁעַת הַתְּפִלָּה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁמְּבוֹאָר בְּמָקוֹם אַחֵר.

11Now, this manifestation in their mind and heart with an exceeding uplifting and abundant strength33 occurs at the time of prayer, as explained elsewhere.

יב וְהִנֵּה, אַף שֶׁגִּילּוּי זֶה עַל־יְדֵי עֵסֶק הַתּוֹרָה וְהַמִּצְוֹת הוּא שָׁוֶה לְכָל נֶפֶשׁ מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל בְּדֶרֶךְ כְּלָל, כִּי תּוֹרָה אַחַת וּמִשְׁפָּט אֶחָד לְכוּלָּנוּ, אַף־עַל־פִּי־כֵן, בְּדֶרֶךְ פְּרָט, אֵין כָּל הַנְּפָשׁוֹת אוֹ הָרוּחוֹת וְהַנְּשָׁמוֹת שָׁווֹת בְּעִנְיָן זֶה לְפִי עֵת וּזְמַן גִּלְגּוּלָם וּבוֹאָם בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה וּכְמַאֲמַר רַבּוֹתֵינוּ־זִכְרוֹנָם־לִבְרָכָה: ״אֲבוּךְ בְּמַאי הֲוֵי זָהִיר טְפֵי, אָמַר לֵיהּ בְּצִיצִית כוּ׳״.

12Though this manifestation through the occupation with Torah and the commandments is, generally, equal in every one of Israel [for we all have one Torah and one law34], nevertheless, in a more specific way not all the souls (nefesh) or spirits (ruach) and souls (neshamah) are equal in this regard, depending on the occurrence and time of their reincarnation and their coming into this world; and as our Sages, of blessed memory, said:35 “With what was your father more heedful? He answered him—with the tzitzit….”36

יגוְכֵן, אֵין כָּל הַדּוֹרוֹת שָׁוִין. כִּי כְּמוֹ שֶׁאֵבְרֵי הָאָדָם, כָּל אֵבֶר יֵשׁ לוֹ פְּעוּלָּה פְּרָטִית וּמְיוּחֶדֶת, הָעַיִן לִרְאוֹת וְהָאֹזֶן לִשְׁמוֹעַ, כָּךְ בְּכָל מִצְוָה מֵאִיר אוֹר פְּרָטִי וּמְיוּחָד מֵאוֹר־אֵין־סוֹף בָּרוּךְ־הוּא.

13Likewise, not all the generations are the same. For just as with the organs of man, every organ has its own special and particular function [the eye to see and the ear to hear], so, too, through every commandment there radiates a special and particular light from the light of the En Sof, blessed is He.

ידוְאַף שֶׁכָּל נֶפֶשׁ מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל צְרִיכָה לָבוֹא בְּגִלְגּוּל לְקַיֵּים כָּל תַּרְיַ״ג מִצְוֹת, מִכָּל מָקוֹם לֹא נִצְרְכָה אֶלָּא לְהַעֲדָפָה וּזְהִירוּת וּזְרִיזוּת יְתֵירָה, בְּיֶתֶר שְׂאֵת וְיֶתֶר עֹז, כְּפוּלָה וּמְכוּפֶּלֶת, לְמַעְלָה מַּעְלָה מִזְּהִירוּת שְׁאָר הַמִּצְוֹת. וְזֶהוּ שֶׁאָמַר ״בְּמַאי הֲוֵי זָהִיר טְפֵי״ – ״טְפֵי״ דַיְיקָא.

14And though every soul of Israel needs to be reincarnated in order to fulfill all the 613 commandments,37 even so, this special care with a particular mitzvah is necessary only for the sake of an increase, and prudence, and additional zeal—with exceeding uplifting and strength, doubly and manifold, surpassing the zeal for the other commandments. And that is what he meant when he said “With what was he more careful?”38

טווְהִנֵּה, יִתְרוֹן הָאוֹר הַזֶּה הַפְּרָטִי לִנְשָׁמוֹת פְּרָטִיּוֹת אֵינוֹ בִּבְחִינַת טַעַם וָדַעַת מוּשָּׂג, אֶלָּא לְמַעְלָה מִבְּחִינַת הַדַּעַת, שֶׁכָּךְ עָלָה בְּמַחֲשָׁבָה לְפָנָיו יִתְבָּרֵךְ, וְדוּגְמָתוֹ לְמַטָּה הוּא בְּחִינַת הַגּוֹרָל מַמָּשׁ:

15Now, the advantage of this individual light to the individual souls is not in the category of apprehensible reason and knowledge, but transcends the faculty of knowledge. For thus it rose in the Mind before Him, blessed be He. And its model below is truly the notion of the “lot.”39

Kehot Publication Society · CC BY-NC · sefaria.org

Kehot Publication Society · CC BY-NC · sefaria.org

Imported from sefaria-index · Kehot Publication Society · CC BY-NC · at the source · the copy kept on ChassidusHub

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